The Oscars, the Golden Globes, Cannes Film Festival. Until 2017 they were Tinsel Town's glitziest back-slapping forums. Now they're its favourite protest events.
Of course it's down to #MeToo, the campaign against sexual harassment and abuse that swept through Hollywood last autumn and has since been Googled in every country on Earth.
奧斯卡，金球獎，坎城電影節。直到2017年，他們都是Tinsel鎮最耀眼的幕後論壇。現在他們是最受歡迎的抗議活動。
當然，這也要歸結到#MeToo，去年秋天席捲好萊塢的性騷擾和性侵害的運動，從那時起，在地球上的每個國家都被谷哥搜索過。
In its current form, the movement began with film executive Harvey Weinstein - or rather, with the dozens of women who accuse him of sexual harassment, abuse or rape. The New York Times printed the first allegations on 5 October, and the mogul was fired from his own company inside a week. Pandora's box was open.
On 15 October, actress Alyssa Milano suggested on Twitter that anyone who had been "sexually harassed or assaulted" should reply to her Tweet with "Me Too", to demonstrate the scale of the problem. Half a million people responded in the first 24 hours.
從目前的形式來看，這場運動始於電影高管Harvey Weinstein——或者更確切地說，是數十名女性指控他性騷擾、性侵害或強姦。《紐約時報》在10月5日刊登了第一次指控，這位大亨在一周內被自己的公司解雇。潘朵拉的盒子被打開。
10月15日，女演員Alyssa Milano在推特上表示，任何被“性騷擾或侵犯”的人都應該用“Me Too”來回應她的推文，顯示問題的嚴重性。在最初的24小時內，有50萬人回應。
A barrage of allegations has since emerged against high-profile men in entertainment, the media, politics, and tech. Many deny any wrongdoing. The repercussions are still in flux, but Hollywood's power dynamics have undoubtedly shifted.
That's less obviously true in the world beyond, and begs the question: What's different for the millions of ordinary people who shared their own #MeToo stories? Are the currents of the movement visible in their lives too? How far has the rallying cry been converted into real-world change?
自那以後，在娛樂、媒體、政治和科技領域的知名人士遭到了鋪天蓋地的指控，許多人否認有任何不當行為。這種影響仍在不斷變化，但好萊塢的權力格局無疑已經發生了變化。
這在世界上的真相是越來越不明顯的，並且回避了一個問題:對於那些分享自己的故事的數百萬普通人來說，有什麼不同呢?目前的活動意義在他們的生活中也能看得見嗎?#MeToo 想要的理念被轉化到現實世界距離有多遠?
Testing 'Time's Up': Who's been helped by those Hollywood millions?
測試‘時間’:誰得到了好萊塢百萬富翁的幫助?
One initiative has made solid progress (and spent solid millions) in a bid to make things better on the ground: The Time's Up Legal Defense Fund.
More than 300 actresses, writers and directors launched the project on 1 January, raising $21m (£15m) in just a month to fund legal assistance for people who suffer harassment, abuse or assault at work.
一項倡議已經取得了堅實的進展(並花費了大量的資金)，以使事情變得更好:時間的法律辯護基金。
300多演員、作家和導演1月1日啟動了這一項目,在短短一個月就募資到21百萬美元基金，以合法的法律援助遭受性騷擾、性侵害的人。
The National Women's Law Center (NWLC) in Washington DC is fielding the considerable admin, matching applicants with lawyers who can offer them free advice.
"We have received more than 2,700 requests for assistance from every state in the United States, and there are more than 500 attorneys in the network who are ready to take on Time's Up cases," Sharyn Tejani, director of the fund at the NWLC, told the BBC.
華盛頓特區的全國婦女法律中心(NWLC)正在處理大量的行政事務，將申請人與能提供免費諮詢的律師匹配起來。
“我們已經收到了超過2700份來自美國各州的援助請求，在網路上有超過500名律師準備接受 Time's Up案子的審理，”NWLC基金會主任Sharyn Tejani告訴BBC。
"The fund prioritises cases involving low-wage workers, women in non-traditional jobs, people of colour, LGBTQ people, and people facing legal retaliation because they dared to speak out about sexual harassment," said Ms Tejani.
Tejani女士說:“該基金將涉及低薪工人、非傳統工作的女性、有色人種、LGBTQ人群和面臨法律報復的人列為優先事項，因為他們敢於公開談論性騷擾。”
Tina Tchen, who jointly leads the fund's legal aid efforts, said the beneficiaries include "construction workers, prison guards [and] police officers," adding: "There are men who have come forward too. There are some men who have experienced sexual harassment, and then there are some men who are calling, for example, on behalf of their wives or loved ones."
That's unlikely to raise surprise in some quarters. Sian Brooke of the Oxford Internet Institute, who studies gender and sexism online, says the fact that men are often victims of sexual violence was one of the most powerful takeaways from #MeToo.
負責該基金法律援助工作的Tina Tchen表示，受益者包括“建築工人、獄警和員警”，並補充說:“還有一些人也站出來了。”有一些男人經歷過性騷擾，還有一些人被控訴，像是代表他們的妻子或愛人。
這不大可能在某些方面引起意外。牛津互聯網研究所(Oxford Internet
Institute)的Sian Brooke在網上研究性別和性別歧視。他說，男性經常成為性暴力的受害者，從#MeToo活動來看，這一事實也是最有力的結論之一。
"One group can be given attention and be taken seriously with regards to allegations of rape, without it taking any of the severity or weight away from another part of it," she notes.
Has #MeToo helped abuse survivors seek support?
From October to December 2017, calls to the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network - a US crisis hotline - rose by 23% compared with the same period in 2016.
她指出:“有一群人可以被給予關注，並對強姦指控予以認真對待，而非沒有採取任何嚴厲或過重的措施。”
#MeToo是否幫助受害者尋求支持?
從2017年10月到12月，對美國危機熱線——強姦、虐待和亂動國家網路——的電話與2016年同期相比上升了23%。
Some abuse survivors have cited #MeToo as a stressful influence, saying it resurfaced the pain of their abuse. Others have reported feeling less alone, saying it encouraged them to address past trauma by talking to loved ones, counsellors, or people with similar experiences.
一些性侵受害者也認為#MeToo是一種壓力，說重新挖出他們的以前的痛苦。另一些人則認為孤獨感更少，並說這鼓勵他們通過與愛人、顧問或有相似經歷的人交談來解決過去的創傷。
"It's brought the idea of sexual harassment and assault into the public consciousness," Ms Brooke says. "Even if the discussion around the movement is criticism, you are still bringing about an awareness that this happens."
1in6 is a Los Angeles-based non-profit group that supports male sex abuse survivors. The group's Development and Communications Director Meredith Alling told the BBC that #MeToo had a rapid, measurable impact on the number of men reaching out to them when the hashtag first went viral.
“這將性騷擾和性侵害的觀念帶入了公眾的意識，”Brooke女士說。“即使圍繞這一活動(革命)的聲浪是批評，你仍然會意識到這種情況的發生。”
1in6是洛杉磯一家幫忙男性性侵受害者的非盈利組織。該組織的發展和傳播總監Meredith Alling告訴BBC， #MeToo有一個快速的、可衡量的影響，標籤第一次像病毒傳開時，許多男性接觸到他們。
"We saw a 110% increase in web traffic and a 103% increase in the use of our online helpline service between September and October 2017, and the trend has continued," she said.
她說:“我們看到，在2017年9月至10月期間，網路流量增加了110%，而我們的線上熱線服務增加了103%，這種趨勢還在繼續。”
What's being done to create better workplaces?
In the US, employers are considering how best to create a positive workplace culture in the wake of #MeToo.
怎樣才能創造更好的工作場所?
在美國，雇主們正在思考如何在#MeToo之後創造一種積極的職場文化。
Ted Bunch is a co-founder of A Call To Men, a social activism group that promotes healthy, respectful ways of "being a man", and says the group has noticed an increase in enquiries.
"Most notably, we have seen an increase in corporations seeking to understand why sexual harassment in the workplace is so pervasive," he says.
Ted Bunch是A Call To Men的聯合創始人，一個宣導健康、尊重的“當個男人”的社會激進組織，並且說該組織注意到有更多的諮詢。
他說:“最值得注意的是，我們看到，企業試圖理解為什麼職場性騷擾如此普遍。”
Mr Bunch believes problems can arise because the workplace is a microcosm of society, in which men and boys are sometimes taught to view women as objects, and of less value than men.
"Most men are not abusive," he says, "but nearly all men have laughed at a sexist joke or objectified a woman in some way. Once you connect the dots and show men how the jokes they see as harmless actually validate and fuel more harmful behaviour, they are quick to change."
Bunch先生認為，問題可能會出現，因為工作場所是社會的一個縮影，在這個社會裡，男人和男孩有時被教導視女人為東西，以及比男人差的。
他說:“大多數男人都不會罵人，但幾乎所有男人都嘲笑過性別歧視的笑話，或者以某種方式物化女性。一旦你把這些點連起來，向人們展示他們認為無害的笑話，而實際上是如何有效和助長有害的行為，他們很快就會改變。
Has the push to ditch bad work cultures spread beyond the US? One British human resources consultant said she had been surprised by the lack of #MeToo-inspired queries.
"We haven't seen any spikes in the volume of training requests, or the volume of training we're recommending. I don't think it's had a significant impact," said Elaine Howell, HR Manager at Push HR.
全美國是否開始拋棄糟糕工作文化?一名英國人力資源顧問表示，她對缺少“MeToo啟發”的質疑感到訝異。
“我們還沒有看到訓練請求數量的激增，也沒有看到我們推薦的培訓數量。”我不認為這有什麼突破性的影響，”人力資源經理Elaine Howell說。
"We have clients in professional services, manufacturing clients, financial, marketing... It appears to be quite specific to that industry [entertainment]."
“我們的客戶有專業服務、製造客戶、金融、行銷……”這似乎是非常具體的行業[娛樂]。
Speak to Equity, the 43,000-strong British actors' union, and it's clear they've had a different experience. The union won't give exact figures, but says it's witnessed a "significant increase in enquiries and case work since #MeToo".
Vice president Maureen Beattie will take on Equity's presidency this summer, and she's keen to get the message out: Toxic behaviour will not go unpunished. Or as she puts it, "If you do something to one of our members which is wrong, unacceptable, we're going to come after you. And we will come after you big-time."
說到公平，這個擁有43000人的英國演員工會，很明顯他們有不同的經歷。工會並沒有給出確切的數字，但表示，“自#MeToo以來，調查和案例工作都有了顯著的增長”。
今年夏天，副總統Maureen Beattie將擔任該公司的總裁，她渴望傳達這樣的資訊:有毒的行為將會受到懲罰。或者正如她所說，“如果你對我們的一個成員做了什麼壞事，不能接受的事，我們就會來找你。我們會在你最風光的時候來找你。”
"These people haven't gone away," she says. "They are under a stone. They are lurking, just waiting for the time they think nobody's looking any more.
“這些人還沒有離開，”她說。“他們在一塊石頭下面。”他們潛伏著，等待著他們認為沒有人再看的時候。
"One of the things we're doing is asking people who have been in the business for a long time, people who are stars, people who have clout, to keep an eye out. Not that they have to be trained up in how to help somebody who's been sexually harassed, but [they] can say - with impunity and no danger of never being worked with again - 'Excuse me? You can't behave like that with people'."
“我們所做的一件事就是詢問那些長期從事這項業務的人，那些明星，有影響力的人，來關注他們。”並不是說他們必須接受訓練來幫助那些遭受過性騷擾的人，但他們可以說——不受懲罰，也不危險，因為不會再有這事發生——“不好意思?你不能對他人那樣做。”
How does an online movement secure an offline legacy?
The #MeToo most of us know is still a new-ish creation. But it had a life before the viral hashtag. In 2006, black activist Tarana Burke founded the movement as an initiative to unite survivors of sexual violence.
線上活動如何確保線下的持續?
我們大多數人都知道，這仍然是一種新創造。但它在病毒標籤之前就有了生命。2006年，黑人活動家Tarana Burke發起了這項運動，旨在團結性暴力的倖存者。
Since it morphed from a low-key project into a global byword, she has embraced #MeToo's A-List flag-bearers - but her focus is on lasting change at all levels of society.
由於它從一個低調的專案變成了一個全球的代名詞，她已經擁抱了#MeToo的a - list旗手——但她的關注點是社會各階層的持續變化。
One of her most telling remarks came the week before she walked the red carpet at the 2017 Oscars: "If we keep on 'making statements' and not really doing the work, we are going to be in trouble."
Sarah J Jackson, a professor of communication studies at Northeastern University, believes context is the key to anchoring Me Too.
在她在2017年奧斯卡頒獎典禮上走紅毯前的一周，她發表了一篇最能說明問題的言論:“如果我們繼續‘發表聲明’，而不是真正地做這件事，我們就會陷入麻煩。”
東北大學傳播學教授Sarah J . Jackson認為在這環境下是維繫MeToo的關鍵。
"I wouldn't call hashtag 'Me Too' a movement at all," she says. "I would call it a campaign that is part of a larger movement. So I would call women's rights the movement, and feminism the movement. And I would say #MeToo is one indication of the sort of conversations that need to happen.
"The next step is, OK so now we know the problem - how do we as a global community expand this conversation?"
她說:“我根本不再說標記'Me Too'活動了。我認為這是為之後的更大的運動的一部分。所以我認為是女權運動，女性的活動，我也會說#MeToo是一種需要發生的對話指標。
“下一步是，好，現在我們知道問題了——我們身為一個全球組群如何延續這一對話?”
Through its "Me Too Rising" project, Google has charted how awareness spread around the world. While data shows the term has been searched for in every corner of the planet, its resonance has inevitably been greater in some countries than others. The freedom of a nation's press and social media can certainly have impact on that - and it's too soon to tell how the movement will shape countries where it's gained traction more slowly - Japan and South Korea, for example.
谷歌通過其“Me Too Rising”的專案，記錄了人們如何在全世界中傳播理念。雖然資料顯示這個詞在地球的每個角落都被搜索過，但在某些國家，它的共鳴回響不可避免地比其他國家更強烈。一個國家的媒體和社會媒體的自由程度肯定會對這一問題產生影響——例如，現在還不知道這場運動將如何影響到日本和韓國的發展。
Karuna Nundy, a prominent lawyer in India's Supreme Court, shared her view on #MeToo's relevance to India, where outrage over sex crimes has sparked waves of public protests in recent years.
"The #MeToo conversations in India are limited to a swathe of English-speaking, internet-enabled people. It's quite a lot in absolute numbers, but small for India. It's added, though, to the huge conversations that were already happening. The idea that due process is failing women, and civil disobedience can be legitimate."
印度最高法院的一位著名律師Karuna Nundy，也分享在#MeToo寫她對印度的看法，在印度，對性犯罪的憤怒引發了近年來的公眾抗議浪潮。
在印度，知道#MeToo的話題僅限於說英語、可上網的人。這在絕對數量上是相當多的，但對印度來說卻很小。不過，它也加入了已經發生的巨大對話。認為合法訴訟程序是傾向女人的，和非暴力反抗是合法的。
Ms Nundy, who helped draft India's tougher anti-rape law in 2013, says victims are now more likely to be believed.
"I had a rape case yesterday against a leading Bollywood producer. My client is a very young woman; we told the court that she was raped over a period of six months on pain of bodily harm. Regardless of what the court decides, I think the way we were heard by the chief justice of the Supreme Court and the two judges is very different from the way we would have been heard, say, 15 years ago.
在2013年，幫助起草印度更嚴厲的反強姦法的女士Nundy說，受害者現在更有可能被相信。
“我昨天有一起強姦案，指控寶萊塢的一位主要製片人。”我的客戶是一個非常年輕的女性;我們告訴法庭，她在六個月的時間裡因受傷而被強姦。不管法院怎麼裁決，我認為最高法院首席法官和兩位法官的審訊方式與15年前我們聽到的方式有很大的不同。
"There's an interplay between public consciousness, and the law and due process. And that's exactly what I think is happening."
Perhaps, then, #MeToo is not an endgame - but a clarion call to something bigger. A reminder for people to seek change in their communities, and push to make damaging systems better - especially for those who lack the power to fight alone.
“公眾意識、法律和正當程序之間存在著相互作用。而這正是我所想的。”
也許， #MeToo不是最後階段——而是一個更大的號角。提醒人們要在自身社會中尋求改變，並努力使有害的系統變得更好——特別是對於那些沒有能力獨自作戰的人。
原文網址 http://www.bbc.com/news/world-44045291
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翻譯練習，中文僅供參考
不公義的事情逐漸會被改善的，好人居多啊~
